NOTICIAS CIENCIAS FISIOLÓGICAS

FISIOLOGÍA MÉDICA

• Design and conduct considerations for studies in patients with impaired renal function 13/05/2021
  An impaired renal function, including acute and chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), can be the result of ageing, certain disease conditions, the use of some medications or as a result of smoking. In patients with renal impairment (RI), the pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs or drug metabolites may change and result in increased […]
  Paulien Ravenstijn
• 3D Cell Culture Models: Drug Pharmacokinetics, Safety Assessment, and Regulatory Consideration 13/05/2021
  Nonclinical testing has served as a foundation for evaluating potential risks and effectiveness of investigational new drugs in humans. However, the current two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture systems cannot accurately depict and simulate the rich environment and complex processes observed in vivo, while animal studies present significant drawbacks with inherited species-specific differences and low […]
  Hongbing Wang
• Cores of Reproducibility in Physiology (CORP): quantification of human skeletal muscle carnosine concentration by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy 13/05/2021
  Non-invasive techniques to quantify metabolites in skeletal muscle provide unique insight into human physiology and enable the translation of research into practice. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) permits the assessment of several abundant muscle metabolites in vivo, including carnosine, a dipeptide composed of the amino acids histidine and beta-alanine. Muscle carnosine loading - accomplished by […]
  Eline Lievens
• Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel: An evolutionarily tuned thermosensor 13/05/2021
  The discovery of the role of the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel as a polymodal detector of cold and pain-producing stimuli almost two decades ago catalyzed the consequent identification of various vertebrate and invertebrate orthologues. In different species, the role of TRPA1 has been implicated in numerous physiological functions, indicating that the molecular […]
  V Sinica
• Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Neurologic Disorders 13/05/2021
  CONCLUSION: In this review, we discuss experimental and human study results of neurologic disorders related to ARA and its metabolites in line with treatment options.
  Oguzhan Kursun
• Effect of arm position on spatial distribution of upper trapezius muscle activity during simulated car driving 13/05/2021
  The present study aimed to investigate the upper trapezius muscle activity during simulated car driving while adopting three different arm positions. Ten participants were instructed to maintain the following positions: hands on the steering wheel (Hands-On), hands not on the steering wheel (Hands-Off), and hands not on the steering wheel but arms on armrests (Armrests). […]
  Kohei Watanabe
• A multi-gene knockdown approach reveals a new role for Pax6 in controlling organ number in Drosophila 13/05/2021
  Genetic screens are designed to target individual genes for the practical reason of establishing a clear association between a mutant phenotype and a single genetic locus. This allows for a developmental or physiological role to be assigned to the wild-type gene. We previously observed that the concurrent loss of Pax6 and Polycomb epigenetic repressors in […]
  Alison J Ordway
• Complexities surrounding the diagnosis and management of hypercalcaemia in pregnancy 13/05/2021
  SUMMARY: Hypercalcaemia in pregnancy is uncommon, with associated adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. Determination of causality is central to its management. Diagnostic imaging techniques are limited during pregnancy and the diagnosis is made more complex by physiological changes in calcium and vitamin D homeostasis in pregnancy. Further, therapeutic […]
  Natassia Rodrigo
• A novel assay for screening WIP1 phosphatase substrates in nuclear extracts 13/05/2021
  Upon exposure to genotoxic stress, cells activate DNA damage response (DDR) that coordinates DNA repair with a temporal arrest in the cell cycle progression. DDR is triggered by activation of ATM/ATR kinases that phosphorylate multiple targets including tumour suppressor protein p53. In addition, DNA damage can activate parallel stress response pathways (such as p38/MK2 kinases) […]
  Radka Storchova
• Oral peroxidases: From antimicrobial agents to ecological actors (Review) 13/05/2021
  Sialoperoxidase and myeloperoxidase are the two main peroxidase enzymes found in the oral cavity. Sialoperoxidase is present in salivary secretions and in the biofilms that line the oral surfaces, while myeloperoxidase is abundant in the dento‑gingival sulcus area. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), oral peroxidases catalyze the oxidation of the pseudohalide anion thiocyanate […]
  Philippe Courtois